Enterococcus faecalis-Induced Biochemical Transformation during Fermentation of Underutilized Solenostemon monostachyus Leaves

Solenostemon monostachyus is an underutilized plant that yet to be explored for consumption. This study assessed the biochemical impacts of a probiotic Enterococcus faecalis as agent fermentation, promoting edible properties leaves from S. using either unfermented water leaf or monostachyus. The results with p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. α-amylase activity, proteins, carbohydrates, and ash, iron, copper contents significantly increased (p 0.05), while fats, crude fiber, cadmium, manganese fermented reduced compared control (unfermented leaves). total phenol saponin 1.98 ± 0.03 2.77 0.04 mg GAE/mL monostachyus, 2.20 0.01 2.39 0.51 mgGAE/mL leaf, respectively on Day 5. Spirostanol (20.7343 mg/10 g) two possible yet-to-be-identified compounds P-S1 (33.5773 P-S2 (23.5718 newly synthesized along one novel volatile compound by fermentation process. Furostanol (19.873–29.420), gallic acid (88.111–98.949 g), luteolin (0.954–11.712 retained, aescin (69.510 was completely consumed E. derived some micronutrients drive catalyzed biotransformation phytochemicals improve health benefits in leafy vegetable.